Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39956639›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology2025

Adherence to Treatment in Allergic Rhinitis During the Pollen Season in Europe: A MASK-air Study.

Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Elísio M Costa, Rafael José Vieira, Ludger Klimek, Wienczyslawa Czarlewski, Oliver Pfaar, Anna Bedbrook, Rita Amaral, Luisa Brussino, Violeta Kvedariene and 45 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Guideline
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  9. Review
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  11. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Review
  12. Correction to "Adherence to Treatment in Allergic Rhinitis During the Pollen Season in Europe: A MASK-air Study".Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

55 authors.

Bernardo Sousa-PintoMEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Elísio M CostaCINTESIS@RISE, Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy and Competence Center on Active and Healthy Ageing, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Rafael José VieiraMEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Ludger KlimekDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Wienczyslawa CzarlewskiMedical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France.
Oliver PfaarSection of Rhinology and Allergy, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-9639
Anna BedbrookARIA, Montpellier, France.
Rita AmaralMEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-830X
Luisa BrussinoDepartment of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
Violeta KvedarieneInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Desiree E Larenas-LinnemannCenter of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, México City, Mexico.
Tomohisa IinumaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
Nhân Pham-ThiEcole Polytechnique de Palaiseau, Palaiseau, France.
Frederico S RegateiroAllergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Luis Taborda-BarataUBIAir-Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre and CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Maria Teresa VenturaUniversity of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
Ignacio J AnsoteguiDepartment of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Quironsalud Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain.
Karl C BergmannInstitute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
G Walter CanonicaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
Victoria CardonaAllergy Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
Lorenzo CecchiSOS Allergology and Clinical Immunology, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy.
Ivan Cherrez-OjedaInstitute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1610-239X
Cemal CingiMedical Faculty, ENT Department, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
Alvaro A CruzFundaçao ProAR, Federal University of Bahia and GARD/WHO Planning Group, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Stefano Del GiaccoDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "Duilio Casula", University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Philippe DevillierVIM Suresnes, UMR 0892, Pôle des Maladies des Voies Respiratoires, Hôpital Foch, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.
Wytske J FokkensDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Bilun GemiciogluDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5953-4881
Tari HaahtelaSkin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Juan Carlos IvancevichServicio de Alergia e Immunologia, Clinica Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Piotr KunaDivision of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Helga KraxnerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Daniel LauneKYomed INNOV, Montpellier, France.
Renaud LouisDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Michael MakrisAllergy Unit "D Kalogeromitros", 2nd Dpt of Dermatology and Venereology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Mario Morais-AlmeidaAllergy Center, CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.
Ralph MösgesInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Marek NiedoszytkoDepartment of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland.
Nikolaos G PapadopoulosAllergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Vincenzo PatellaDivision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, 'Santa Maria della Speranza' Hospital, Battipaglia, Salerno, Italy.
Ana Margarida PereiraMEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5468-0932
Sietze ReitsmaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Karla Robles-VelascoUniversidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.
Philip W RouadiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and Ear University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.
Boleslaw SamolinskiDepartment of Prevention of Environmental Hazards, Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Milan SovaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
Sanna K Toppila-SalmiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and the North Savo Wellbeing Services County, Kuopio, Finland.
Joaquin SastreAllergy Service, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, CIBERES-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-6837
Arunas ValiulisInterdisciplinary Research Group of Human Ecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Arzu YorganciogluDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.
Mihaela ZidarnFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-5207
Torsten ZuberbierInstitute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Joao A FonsecaMEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Jean BousquetARIA, Montpellier, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-4766
MASK‐air think tank

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdherence to rhinitis treatment has been insufficiently assessed. We aimed to use data from the MASK-air mHealth app to assess adherence to oral antihistamines (OAH), intra-nasal corticosteroids (INCS) or azelastine-fluticasone in patients with allergic rhinitis.

methodsWe included regular European MASK-air users with self-reported allergic rhinitis and reporting at least 1 day of OAH, INCS or azelastine-fluticasone. We assessed weeks during which patients answered the MASK-air questionnaire on all days. We restricted our analyses to data provided between January and June, to encompass the pollen seasons across the different assessed countries. We analysed symptoms using visual analogue scales (VASs) and the combined symptom-medication score (CSMS), performing stratified analyses by weekly adherence levels. Medication adherence was computed as the proportion of days in which patients reported rhinitis medication use. Sensitivity analyses were performed considering all weeks with at most 1 day of missing data and all months with at most 4 days of missing data.

resultsWe assessed 8212 complete weeks (1361 users). Adherence (use of medication > 80% days) to specific drug classes ranged from 31.7% weeks for azelastine-fluticasone to 38.5% weeks for OAH. Similar adherence to rhinitis medication was found in users with or without self-reported asthma, except for INCS (better adherence in asthma patients). VAS and CSMS levels increased from no adherence to full adherence, except for INCS. A higher proportion of days with uncontrolled symptoms was observed in weeks with higher adherence. In full adherence weeks, 41.2% days reported rhinitis co-medication. The sensitivity analyses displayed similar results.

conclusionsA high adherence was found in patients reporting regular use of MASK-air. Different adherence patterns were found for INCS compared to OAH or azelastine-fluticasone that are likely to impact guidelines.

Indexed as

Anti-Allergic AgentsMedication AdherencePollenRhinitis, AllergicRhinitis, Allergic, SeasonalAdolescentAdrenal Cortex HormonesAdultEuropeFemaleHistamine AntagonistsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhthalazinesSeasonsAdrenal Cortex HormonesAnti-Allergic AgentsazelastineHistamine AntagonistsPhthalazinesallergic rhinitismobile healthtreatment adherence

Identifiers

PMID39956639
PMCPMC11908838

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.