Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39956403›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2025

Specific macronutrient clusters associated with lower mortality risk: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Jiaying Yu, Yang Chen, Defang Li, Lan Zhang, Yuting Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, Jiayu Zhu, Zican Li, Hongxin Fu, Dongwei Guan and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jiaying YuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Yang ChenDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Defang LiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Lan ZhangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Yuting ZhangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Jiaqi ZhangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Jiayu ZhuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Zican LiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Hongxin FuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Dongwei GuanDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Runan ZhangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Liyan LiuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
Cheng WangDepartment of Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China. Electronic address: wangchenghlj@163.com.
Changhao SunDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China. Electronic address: sunchanghao@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.
Rennan FengDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for the Multi-modal Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, PR China. Electronic address: fengrennan@yeah.net.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAccumulating evidence suggest that imbalanced macronutrient composition would increase the risk of chronic diseases. However, previous studies that predominantly focused on individual macronutrients often failed to thoroughly elucidate this complex association.

objectivesThis study aimed to comprehensively analyze the relationship between macronutrient clusters and all-cause mortality.

methodsThe study included 26,615 adults aged 20-75 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. A three-dimensional cube method was employed to categorize clusters of macronutrients intake. The association between dietary macronutrient clusters and all-cause mortality was investigated using Cox proportional hazards modeling and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.

resultsOver a weighted median follow-up duration of 7.58 years, 3,998 deaths were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the reference Cluster

conclusionsThis study employed a three-dimensional cube approach to categorize the human macronutrients intake into 24 clusters. Cluster

Indexed as

DietMortalityNutrientsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsYoung AdultNutrientsAll-cause mortalityDietary protein, fat and carbohydrate intakeMacronutrientThree-dimensional cube method

Identifiers

PMID39956403
PMCPMC12684922

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.