Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39955425›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Biomarkers of inflammation in sweat after myocardial infarction.

Anna Björkenheim, Erik Sunnefeldt, Karl Finke, Daniel Robert Smith, Ole Fröbert, Noé Brasier

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05843006 (SWEAT Analysis for Predicting Patient Outcome After HEART Attack), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05843006 completednot on this map

SWEAT Analysis for Predicting Patient Outcome After HEART Attack

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorRegion Örebro CountyRan2022 to 2023Enrolled24ConditionsAcute Myocardial InfarctionArmsExamination and analysis of sweat and blood samples at baseline and at follow up, Examination and analysis of sweat and blood samples at baseline
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anna BjörkenheimDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden. anna.bjorkenheim@regionorebrolan.se.
Erik SunnefeldtDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
Karl FinkeDepartment III of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Daniel Robert SmithClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
Ole FröbertDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
Noé BrasierDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) triggers a significant inflammatory response. Sweat may offer a novel, non-invasive medium for monitoring inflammation. In this prospective study, we characterized the inflammatory signatures in plasma and sweat collected from the skin surface of two patient groups: (1) 18 STEMI patients immediately following percutaneous coronary intervention (exposure) and (2) six patients who underwent outpatient angiography without subsequent intervention (control). Levels of 92 biomarkers were measured using a high-throughput proteomic assay and reassessed after 4-6 weeks in STEMI patients. Adjusting for patient group, sweat biomarkers did not show significant changes over time. In plasma, hepatocyte growth factor and interleukin-6 showed a significant decrease from the acute phase to follow-up, adjusted for patient group. STAM binding protein was significantly higher in the sweat of STEMI patients compared to controls, adjusted for time effects. While sweat was less sensitive than plasma for detecting biomarker levels in the setting of STEMI, its longitudinal analysis via wearable sensors holds promise for detecting specific markers.Trial registration: The trial is registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov with the trial registration number NCT05843006.

Indexed as

BiomarkersInflammationMyocardial InfarctionST Elevation Myocardial InfarctionSweatAgedFemaleHepatocyte Growth FactorHumansInterleukin-6MaleMiddle AgedPercutaneous Coronary InterventionProspective StudiesProteomicsBiomarkersHepatocyte Growth FactorInterleukin-6Acute myocardial infarctionBiomarkersInflammationNon-invasive monitoringSweat analysisWearables

Identifiers

PMID39955425
PMCPMC11829942

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.