Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39954600›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2025

Modality-level obstacles and initiatives to improve representation in fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging research samples.

Emma T Margolis, Paige M Nelson, Abigail Fiske, Juliette L Y Champaud, Halie A Olson, María José C Gomez, Áine T Dineen, Chiara Bulgarelli, Sonya V Troller-Renfree, Kirsten A Donald and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Deep learning in fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging research.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  4. The emergence of the language system in the toddler brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Emma T MargolisDepartment of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Paige M NelsonDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Abigail FiskeDepartment of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Juliette L Y ChampaudDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology and Pharmacology, University College London, UK; Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, UK.
Halie A OlsonMcGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
María José C GomezResearch Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada.
Áine T DineenTrinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Chiara BulgarelliCentre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.
Sonya V Troller-RenfreeDepartment of Human Development, Teachers College, Columbia University, NY, United States.
Kirsten A DonaldDivision of Developmental Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Marisa N SpannDepartment of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Brittany HowellFralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Dustin ScheinostDepartment of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Statistics & Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
Marta KoromSection on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: marta.korom@nih.gov.

Funding

fMRI Studies Of Pediatric Mood And Anxiety DisordersZIAMH002781 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI PINE, DANIEL · 2009 to 2025
$41.5M
Longitudinal investigation of the relations among stress, brain activity, neurocognitive skill, and socioemotional functioning during infancyR00HD104923 · NICHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY TEACHERS COLLEGE · PI TROLLER-RENFREE, SONYA VIOLET · 2023 to 2025
$844k
Midcareer investigator award in patient-oriented research in the area of perinatal-developmental neuroscienceK24MH127381 · NIMH · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SPANN, MARISA N · 2021 to 2025
$804k
Fetal, Infant, Toddler Neuroimaging Group (FIT'NG): Uniting Clinical, Computational, Engineering, and Neuroscience to advance discoveries for the young child.R13HD108938 · NICHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BRITTANY ROLLINS HOWELL, Dustin Scheinost · 2022 to 2026
$80k
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/T008709/1Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002781NICHD NIH HHS R00 HD104923NICHD NIH HHS R13 HD108938NIMH NIH HHS K24 MH127381
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fetal, infant, and toddler (FIT) neuroimaging researchers study early brain development to gain insights into neurodevelopmental processes and identify early markers of neurobiological vulnerabilities to target for intervention. However, the field has historically excluded people from global majority countries and from marginalized communities in FIT neuroimaging research. Inclusive and representative samples are essential for generalizing findings across neuroimaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography, electroencephalography, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and cranial ultrasonography. These FIT neuroimaging techniques pose unique and overlapping challenges to equitable representation in research through sampling bias, technical constraints, limited accessibility, and insufficient resources. The present article adds to the conversation around the need to improve inclusivity by highlighting modality-specific historical and current obstacles and ongoing initiatives. We conclude by discussing tangible solutions that transcend individual modalities, ultimately providing recommendations to promote equitable FIT neuroscience.

Indexed as

BrainChild DevelopmentNeuroimagingChild, PreschoolHumansInfantBrain developmentDiversityFetal, infant, toddlerInclusive representationNeuroimagingRecruitment

Identifiers

PMID39954600
PMCPMC11875194

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.