ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2025
N-acetylcysteine remodels the tumor microenvironment of primary and recurrent mouse glioblastoma.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Single-Cell Analysis Delineates Glutathione Metabolism-Related Gene Signatures in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment and Identifies GSTA4 as a Regulator of Malignant Behaviors.International journal of genomics · 2026Article
- Research on the interactive mechanisms between mitochondrial variations and immune responses in gliomas based on integrated visualization analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeGlioblastoma (GBM) exhibits a high ROS character, giving rise to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and tumor vascular abnormality. This study investigated the potential effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, on primary and recurrent mouse brain tumors.
methodsWe measured reactive oxygen species (ROS)/ glutathione (GSH) levels in human GBM. Additionally, we conducted NAC trials on primary mouse brain tumor models (GL261-Luc, CT2A-Luc) and a recurrent mouse GBM model (GL261-iCasp9-Luc). After brain tumor inoculation, mice received a daily 100 mg/kg NAC treatment, and the tumor volume was monitored via IVIS imaging. The efficacy of NAC was evaluated through survival time, tumor volume, ROS/GSH levels, M1/M2 macrophages, immune cells infiltration, and tumor vascularization.
resultsHuman GBM suffered from significant oxidative stress. With NAC treatment, mouse brain tumors exhibited a lower ROS level, more M1-like tumor-associated macrophages/microglia (TAMs), more CD8 + T cell infiltration, and a normalized vascular character. NAC inhibited tumor growth and suppressed recurrence in mouse brain tumor models.
conclusionNAC is a promising adjunctive drug to remodel the brain tumors microenvironment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39954037What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.