ArticleJournal of animal science and biotechnology2025
Bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles reduce oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
Article in Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cross-Species Analysis of Milk Extracellular Vesicles Reveals a Conserved Innate Core and a Divergent, Human-Specific Adaptive Immune Fraction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bovine Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Drug Delivery Platforms: Current Advances, Applications and Challenges.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Review
- The biphasic interactions between ferroptosis and oxidative stress: from molecular mechanisms to disease interventions.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Camel milk extracellular vesicles as a promising antibiotic alternative: gastrointestinal stability, antimicrobial, and immunoregulatory activities.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Milk-Derived EVs from Different Animal Sources: An Overview on Their Detection, Isolation and Pleiotropic Exerted Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in bovine mastitis: multidimensional mechanisms, stratified assessment, and intervention prospects.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in veterinary medicine: mechanisms, therapies, and unmet challenges.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in dairy cattle: research progress and prospects for practical applications.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Metabolomic evidence of bovine leukemia virus regulation on ferroptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Protective effects of α-ketoglutaric acid on palmitic acid-induced deterioration in sheep endometrial epithelial cells via ferroptosis inhibition.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFerroptosis is characterized by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane lipid peroxidation that can exacerbate inflammatory damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from bovine milk have many biological functions, including antioxidant properties. However, the role of EVs on Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced ferroptosis and oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) and murine mammary tissue is unclear. In this study, EVs were isolated from bovine colostrum, mature milk and clinical mastitis milk (defined as C-EVs, M-EVs and CM-EVs, respectively) and assessed by transmission electron microscopy, Western blot and transcriptome sequencing. Effects of EVs on K. pneumoniae-induced ferroptosis and oxidative stress in bMECs were evaluated with immunofluorescence and Western blot.
resultsIn bMECs, infection with K. pneumoniae induced oxidative stress, decreasing protein expression of Nrf2, Keap1 and HO-1 plus SOD activity, and increasing ROS concentrations. However, protein expression of GPX4, ACSL4 and S100A4 in bMECs, all factors that regulate ferroptosis, was downregulated by K. pneumoniae. Furthermore, this bacterium compromised tight junctions in murine mammary tissue, with low expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, whereas protein expression of Nrf2 and GPX4 was also decreased in mammary tissue. Adding C-EVs, M-EVs or CM-EVs reduced oxidative stress and ferroptosis in K. pneumoniae-infected bMECs in vitro and murine mammary tissues in vivo.
conclusionIn conclusion, all 3 sources of milk-derived EVs alleviated oxidative stress and ferroptosis in K. pneumoniae-infected bMECs and mammary tissues.
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