ArticleNature biomedical engineering2025
Nitroglycerin-responsive gene switch for the on-demand production of therapeutic proteins.
Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- A synthetic angiotensin II/ACE2-based hormone shunt controlling experimental hypertension.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A Clozapine-Responsive GPCR-Based Gene Switch for Pharmacological Control of Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells and In Vivo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Programming Next-Generation Synthetic Biosensors by Genetic Circuit Design.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Engineering a drug-inducible pyroptosis platform enables precise tumor suppression in colorectal cancer.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2025Article
- Airway Delivery of Encapsulated Cytokine-Secreting Cells for Local Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Lung Diseases.Research square · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Gene therapies and cell therapies require precise, reversible and patient-friendly control over the production of therapeutic proteins. Here we present a fully human nitric-oxide-responsive gene-regulation system for the on-demand and localized release of therapeutic proteins through clinically licensed nitroglycerin patches. Designed for simplicity and robust human compatibility, the system incorporates human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase for converting nitroglycerin into nitric oxide, which then activates soluble guanylate cyclase to produce cyclic guanosine monophosphate, followed by protein kinase G to amplify the signal and to trigger target gene expression. In a proof-of-concept study, human cells expressing the nitroglycerin-responsive system were encapsulated and implanted subcutaneously in obese mice with type 2 diabetes. Transdermal nitroglycerin patches applied over the implant enabled the controlled and reversible production of glucagon-like peptide-1 throughout the 35-day experimental period, effectively restoring blood glucose levels in these mice without affecting heart rate or blood pressure. The approach may facilitate the development of safe, convenient and responsive implantable devices for the sustained delivery of biopharmaceuticals for the management of chronic diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.