ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2025
Validation of L-type calcium channel blocker amlodipine as a novel ADHD treatment through cross-species analysis, drug-target Mendelian randomization, and clinical evidence from medical records.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reinventing amlodipine.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2026Review
- Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Adhesion G-Protein Coupled Receptors in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of psychiatry and brain science · 2025Article
- Article
- Amlodipine exerts inhibitory effects against glioma stem cells through degrading EGFR and down-regulating its downstream pro-survival pathways.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Calcium Channel Blockers in Neuropsychiatric, Endocrine and Pain Disorders.Cells · 2025Review
- Neurovascular coupling dysfunction in encephalopathy: pathophysiological advances and clinical implications.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Machine learning-guided feature selection and predictive model construction for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
ADHD is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly affects life outcomes, and current treatments often have adverse side effects, high abuse potential, and a 25% non-response rate, highlighting the need for new therapeutics. This study investigates amlodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, as a potential foundation for developing a novel ADHD treatment by integrating findings from animal models and human genetic data. Amlodipine reduced hyperactivity in SHR rats and decreased both hyperactivity and impulsivity in adgrl3.1-/- zebrafish. It also crosses the blood-brain barrier, reducing telencephalic activation. Crucially, Mendelian Randomization analysis linked ADHD to genetic variations in L-type calcium channel subunits (α1-C; CACNA1C, β1; CACNB1, α2δ3; CACNA2D3) targeted by amlodipine, while polygenic risk score analysis showed symptom mitigation in individuals with high ADHD genetic liability. With its well-tolerated profile and efficacy across species, supported by genetic evidence, amlodipine shows potential to be refined and developed into a novel treatment for ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.