ArticleThe Plant cell2025
Decoupling the pleiotropic effects of VRT-A2 during reproductive development enhances wheat grain length and weight.
Article in The Plant cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Wheat: Integrating Agronomic, Genomics, and Remote Sensing for Sustainable Production.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Review
- Hidden gradients before form: a spatial transcriptomic atlas of wheat spike patterning.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- Evolutionary dynamics and transcriptional diversification of GAD gene family in plants: a pan-species perspective in silico analysis.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Start, stop, resume, and proceed: ZmSSRP1 mediates the progression of RNA polymerase II and kernel development in maize.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- QTL analysis of spike traits and KASP marker validation for basal sterile spikelet number in wheat.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
VEGETATIVE TO REPRODUCTIVE TRANSITION 2 (VRT-A2) is a subspecies-forming gene that confers the long-glume and large-grain traits of tetraploid Polish wheat (Triticum polonicum; AABB) and hexaploid Xinjiang rice wheat (T. petropavlovskyi; AABBDD). Transcriptional activation of VRT-A2 due to a natural sequence variation in its Intron-1 region significantly enhances grain weight but also causes some basal spikelets to fail to completely develop, thus decreasing grain number per spike and yield. This yield penalty has presented a challenge for the use of VRT-A2 in breeding high-yield wheat. Here, we report the characterization of 2 regulatory modules that fine-tune VRT-A2 expression in bread wheat (T. aestivum): (i) the APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF)-type transcription factor MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 (TaMFS1) represses VRT-A2 expression by recruiting a transcriptional corepressor and a histone deacetylase and (ii) the STRUCTURE-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION PROTEIN 1 (TaSSRP1) facilitates VRT-A2 activation by assembling Mediator and further RNA polymerase II. Deleting TaMFS1 triggered moderate upregulation of VRT-A2 results in significantly increased grain weight without the yield penalty. Our study thus provides a feasible strategy for overcoming the tradeoffs of pleotropic genes by editing their upstream transcriptional regulators.
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