ArticleBMC medicine2025
Cryoablation-induced modulation of Treg cells and the TGF-β pathway in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for increased antitumor immunity.
Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal Analysis of Peripheral Blood CD4+ T-Cell Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Following Bronchoscopic Cryotherapy and Pembrolizumab-Based Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Trial
- The tumor microenvironment in triple negative breast cancer and a strategy to improve responses to immunotherapy using cryoablation and immunostimulants.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Expression of the NLRP12/NF-κB/iNOS axis in lung tissues across stages of non-small cell lung cancer and its mechanism in mediating immune cell regulation.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Cryoablation Activates the cGAS-STING-CXCL10 Axis in Macrophages to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity in NSCLC.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Donor age and sex program MSC secretome signaling: a quadrant framework for precision therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Cryoablation combined with immunotherapy: new strategies and progress in the treatment of tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory effect of ultrasound-guided cryoablation in early breast cancer: pilot study on blood and surgical samples.European radiology experimental · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanisms of cryoablation-mediated lung cancer suppression unveiled by non-coding RNA regulatory network profiling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cancer-nervous system crosstalk: from biological mechanism to therapeutic opportunities.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCryoablation plays a key role in the comprehensive management of lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by its ability to activate antitumor immunity. This study aimed to explore the impact of cryoablation on the local immune microenvironment, focusing on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the TGF-β pathway.
methodsSingle-cell sequencing was employed to identify differences in immune cell populations and related pathway expression between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Prospective observations of changes in Tregs in the peripheral blood pre- and post-cryoablation for lung adenocarcinoma were conducted at Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Bulk RNA-seq analysis of mouse tumor tissues was performed to predict the potential mechanisms underlying cryoablation-induced antitumor immunity. Finally, these predictions were validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments employing cell cryoablation and mouse subcutaneous tumor transplantation models.
resultsSingle-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed intricate interactions between Tregs subpopulations and the regulation of the immune response in lung adenocarcinoma, highlighting the involvement of the TGF-β pathway. A significant decrease in the level of Tregs was noted at 30 days post-cryoablation compared to pre-surgical and 3-day post-surgery levels. The cellular and murine cryoablation models validated the inhibitory effect of cryoablation on Tregs and its potential to stimulate antitumor immunity. Additionally, the results of bulk RNA-seq demonstrated the role of cryoablation in regulating postoperative immunity via the TGF-β pathway. Cryoablation decreased the expression levels of TGF-β1, suppressed the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and downregulated the expression of FOXP3, thereby inhibiting the conversion of CD4 + T cell precursors into Tregs. Moreover, cryoablation enhanced the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), thereby promoting its antitumor activity.
conclusionsThis study revealed the effective modification of the lung adenocarcinoma microenvironment by cryoablation through the suppression of Tregs and activation of antitumor immunity via the TGF-β pathway. These findings hold implications for optimizing cryoablation-based therapies and guiding future clinical trials on lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
trial registrationThis trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2000038580, Sep 24, 2020).
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