Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39948199›Full record

SynthesisSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

Ecological momentary interventions for bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Armin Hirbod-Mobarakeh, Amir-Abbas Keshavarz-Akhlaghi, Fatemeh Hadi, Shayan Eghdami, Arash Hirbod-Mobarakeh, Sara Hassan Kalhori, Ali Khanipour-Kencha

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Armin Hirbod-MobarakehHirbod Psychiatric and Psychologic Club (BAVAR), Tehran, Iran.
Amir-Abbas Keshavarz-AkhlaghiMental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh HadiDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shayan EghdamiDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. seghdami33@gmail.com.
Arash Hirbod-MobarakehHirbod Psychiatric and Psychologic Club (BAVAR), Tehran, Iran.
Sara Hassan KalhoriHirbod Psychiatric and Psychologic Club (BAVAR), Tehran, Iran.
Ali Khanipour-KenchaDepartment of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesBipolar Disorders affect 2% of the world population and ranks as the sixth leading cause of disability. Barriers such as lack of insight and limited access to healthcare result in a significant disease burden. These barriers can be mitigated by technology-delivered interventions such as ecological momentary interventions, which provide personalized, real-time treatments based on ecological momentary assessments of relevant variables. This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of ecological momentary interventions in bipolar disorder.

methodsWe conducted searches across Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, psychINFO and ProQuest without applying any filter through December 30, 2023. Two authors screened results to eliminate irrelevant and duplicate studies, and the remaining studies were independently reviewed. Data were extracted, transformed into a common rubric, and analyzed for treatment effects using Review Manager 5.

findingsWe analyzed 14 studies, encompassing 1776 patients with bipolar disorder. Interventions were mostly based on psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral therapy. EMI had small to moderate effects on quality of life (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.04-0.44, P = 0.02; I² = 47%), medication adherence (SMD = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.03-0.39, P = 0.02; I² = 0%), and affective episodes (HR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.57-0.98, P = 0.04; I² = 0%).

conclusionEcological momentary intervention is a novel area of research in behavioral science. The results of this systematic review based on the available literature suggest that these interventions could be beneficial for patients with bipolar disorder.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderCognitive Behavioral TherapyEcological Momentary AssessmentHumansQuality of LifeBipolar disorderEcological momentary interventionEMIMeta-analysisSystematic review

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.