Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39947270›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2025

Common Forms of Adult Esotropia Require Augmented Surgical Dosing.

Veronika Yehezkeli, Joseph L Demer

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Veronika YehezkeliFrom the Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (V.Y.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Joseph L DemerFrom the Stein Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology (V.Y.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurology (J.L.D.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Bioengineering Department (J.L.D.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program (J.L.D.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. Electronic address: jld@jsei.ucla.edu.

Funding

Vision Research Core at UCLAP30EY000331 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Xian-Jie Yang · 1985 to 2026
$16.8M
BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS IN STRABISMUS SURGERYR01EY008313 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI JOSEPH Louis DEMER · 1991 to 2026
$15.0M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY000331NEI NIH HHS R01 EY008313
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAge-related distance esotropia (ARDE) in older adults is commonly caused by sagging eye syndrome. Decompensated esophoria (DE) is a progressive esotropia in younger adults. We evaluated claims that dosing of medial rectus (MR) recession must appreciably exceed customary recommendations to avert surgical undercorrections in treatment of DE and ARDE. STUDY

designComparative interventional case series.

methodsWe compared with Parks' tables the actual dosing of strabismus surgery that included bilateral MR recession in consecutive patients with DE and ARDE from 2015 to 2024.

resultsStrabismus surgery was performed in 54 DE patients of mean age 31 ± 12 years (standard deviation) and 61 ARDE patients of age 70 ± 8 years. Preoperative esotropia was significantly greater in DE at 21 ± 10Δ than 14 ± 9Δ in ARDE (P = .0003). Although surgery initially produced orthotropia in most patients in both groups, esotropia gradually recurred in 10 DE patients (22%) after a mean of 3 ± 1.3 years, due to greater decline in surgical effect than in ARDE (P = .0022). There was no correlation between the use of adjustable sutures and reoperation (P = .73). Regression analysis indicated that the initial 4.6 mm MR recession in DE and 3.5 mm in ARDE had no effect on final alignment, but each additional mm total MR recession corrected 3Δ in DE and 2.4Δ in ARDE. These surgical effects are less than predicted by Parks tables.

conclusionsCurrent recommendations for augmented MR recession in ARDE are appropriate, but dosing must be further augmented to achieve satisfactory alignment in DE to avoid undercorrections caused by early recurrences of esotropia.

Indexed as

EsotropiaEye MovementsOculomotor MusclesOphthalmologic Surgical ProceduresVision, BinocularAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeVisual AcuityYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39947270
PMCPMC11985268

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.