ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2025
Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in long COVID.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patient-reported improvements from use of IMC-2 alone and IMC-2 and PaxlovidFrontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Article
- When do infections lead to long COVID? Scientists close in on triggers and treatments for post-viral syndromes.Nature · 2026Article
- Persistent cytolytic CD8Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Advances on Sensors and Diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 Biomarkers.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Association between dietary inflammatory index, empirical dietary inflammatory patterns and the risk of Long COVID: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Coronavirus M Protein Hijacks Toll-Interacting Protein (TOLLIP) to Suppress NF-κB Signaling and Promote Immune Evasion.MedComm · 2026Article
- An open-label, clinical feasibility study of the efficacy of Remdesivir for Long-COVID.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2026Article
- Betrixaban activates cGAS and ERVs to promote dual nucleic-sensing antiviral immunity.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Impaired peripheral oxygen delivery during submaximal exercise in adults with long COVID.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- RNA binding protein Musashi1 interacts with the viral genomic RNA and restricts SARS-CoV-2 infection by repressing translation.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Postacute Sequelae Following Omicron COVID-19 in Patients With Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- A broadly applicable split-luciferase biosensor approach for rapid antibody detection in emerging infectious diseases.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Host Responses to SARS-CoV-2 with an Emphasis on Cytokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Persistent Immune Dysregulation during Long COVID is Manifested in Antibodies Targeting Envelope and Nucleocapsid Proteins.Research square · 2026Article
- Commentary: Internal medicine at the crossroads of long COVID diagnosis and management.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and impact of long COVID: pathophysiology, neuropsychiatric effects and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Assessment of Kidney Function Decline in Long COVID Syndrome.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
36 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There are no approved treatments for post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID), a debilitating disease state following SARS-CoV-2 infection that is estimated to affect tens of millions of people. A growing body of evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 can persist for months or years following COVID-19 in a subset of individuals, with this reservoir potentially driving long-COVID symptoms or sequelae. There is, therefore, an urgent need for clinical trials targeting persistent SARS-CoV-2, and several trials of antivirals or monoclonal antibodies for long COVID are underway. However, because mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 persistence are not yet fully understood, such studies require important considerations related to the mechanism of action of candidate therapeutics, participant selection, duration of treatment, standardisation of reservoir-associated biomarkers and measurables, optimal outcome assessments, and potential combination approaches. In addition, patient subgroups might respond to some interventions or combinations of interventions, making post-hoc analyses crucial. Here, we outline these and other key considerations, with the goal of informing the design, implementation, and interpretation of trials in this rapidly growing field. Our recommendations are informed by knowledge gained from trials targeting the HIV reservoir, hepatitis C, and other RNA viruses, as well as precision oncology, which share many of the same hurdles facing long-COVID trials.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.