ArticleBiopsychosocial science and medicine2025
Spirituality and Cardiovascular Health in the HANDLS Study: Evidence for Within-race Differences.
Article in Biopsychosocial science and medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis cross-sectional study explored the associations between spiritual transcendence (ST)-prayer/meditation fulfillment, connectedness, and universality- and the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7), and if variations across and within racial and socioeconomic groups emerged.
methodsData were taken from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study and included 1110 midlife and older African American and white adults [mean (SD) age=56.13 (8.91) y; 65.0% above poverty; 78.1% ≥high school education]. ST was self-reported. LS7 comprised physical activity, smoking, diet, body mass index, cholesterol, glucose, and blood pressure. Higher LS7 reflects better cardiovascular health (CVH). Multiple linear regression estimated associations between ST and LS7. A 3-way interaction term (ST, race, and either education or poverty status) was included in models adjusted for sex and age.
resultsA 3-way interaction was observed for ST, race, and poverty status ( b =1.29, SE=0.35, p <.001). Simple slopes showed a positive association for white adults living above poverty only ( b =0.54, SE=0.15, p <.001). Exploratory analyses found a nonlinear 3-way interactive effect including ST, race, and age (ie, U-shaped; b =0.04, SE=0.02, p =.048). Both lesser and greater ST were associated with higher LS7 for older African American adults exclusively ( b =0.03, SE=0.01, p =.024).
conclusionsAlthough spirituality was associated with overall CVH, it was not beneficial for everyone equally. If tailored appropriately, the integration of spirituality into care practices may promote better CVH. ABBREVIATIONS: AA: African American, AHA: American Heart Association, BMI: body mass index, BP: blood pressure, CVD(s): cardiovascular disease(s), CVH: cardiovascular health, HANDLS: Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span, LS7: Life's Simple 7, M: mean, PTSD: posttraumatic stress disorder, SES: socioeconomic status, ST: spiritual transcendence.
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