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ArticleActa parasitologica2025

Report of Anaplasma marginale in Mithun (Bos frontalis) from North Eastern Hilly Region of India.

Jayanta Kumar Chamuah, Siju Susan Jacob, Angughali Aheto Sumi, Livika T Awomi, Lipenthang Ezung, Mahak Singh, S Girish Patil

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Article in Acta parasitologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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7 authors.

Jayanta Kumar ChamuahICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India. drjayantavet@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8690-6254
Siju Susan JacobICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Investigation, Bangalore, 560064, India.
Angughali Aheto SumiICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-7668
Livika T AwomiICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
Lipenthang EzungICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
Mahak SinghICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.
S Girish PatilICAR-NRC on Mithun, Medziphema, Nagaland, 797106, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characterization of Anaplasma parasites in mithun (Bos frontalis) and their tick vectors in Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh, India using serological and molecular methods.

methodsMithun sera were screened for Anaplasma antibodies using a competitive ELISA targeting the MSP5 antigen. Blood samples and ticks collected from mithun were analyzed using PCR targeting the RNA polymerase subunit beta (rpoB) gene for Anaplasma species detection, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of positive samples.

resultsSerological testing detected Anaplasma antibodies in 11.90% (5/42) of tested mithun. PCR analysis of 358 mithun blood samples identified eight animals (2.23%) positive for A. marginale, with identity confirmed through sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the collected ticks, Anaplasma was detected in one R. microplus specimen (1/340), while all Amblyomma spp. (n = 25) tested negative. Phylogenetic analysis of the rpoB gene sequences showed the mithun isolates clustering with A. marginale reference sequences from diverse regions.

conclusionThis study provides the first documented evidence of A. marginale infection in mithun populations and associated ticks in Northeast India, supported by molecular, serological and phylogenetic analyses. The findings underscore the importance of multi-faceted diagnostic approaches, targeted vector control, and ongoing surveillance to address regional disease risks.

Indexed as

Anaplasma marginaleAnaplasmosisCattle DiseasesAmblyommaAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialCattleDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayIndiaPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionSeroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, BacterialDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesAnaplasmosisBovinecELISAPCRTick-borne disease

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