Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39945841›Full record

ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2025

Risk of ptosis following eyelid speculum assisted intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

Efraim Berco, Michael Ostrovsky, Obinna Esomchukwu, Ortal Zaks, Mor Schlesinger, Elkin Jose Cervantes Molina, Shalhevet Goldfeather Ben-Zaken, Nir Shoham-Hazon

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Efraim Berco *Department of Ophthalmology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. dreberco@gmail.com.
Michael Ostrovsky *Department of Ophthalmology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. drmostrovsky@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7128-3288
Obinna EsomchukwuDalhousie University Medical School, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Ortal ZaksDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Mor SchlesingerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Elkin Jose Cervantes MolinaMiramichi Eye NB Centre of Excellence, Miramichi, NB, Canada.
Shalhevet Goldfeather Ben-ZakenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaplan Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Nir Shoham-HazonDalhousie University Medical School, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIntravitreal injections are essential for treating retinal diseases. This study aims to assess the impact of repeated intravitreal anti-VEGF injections using an eyelid speculum on the risk of ptosis development.

methodsThis single-center, retrospective chart review included 114 patients (228 eyes) who received at least three unilateral intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and MRD1 and MRD2 of the injected and the fellow eyes were analyzed. A multivariate linear regression model was constructed to identify predictors of MRD1 in the injected eye.

resultsThe study cohort had a mean age of 75.18 ± 0.98 years, with 57% female patients. On average, patients received 16.92 ± 1.18 injections. At the final follow-up, no significant difference was observed in mean MRD1 between injected and fellow eyes (2.85 ± 0.11 mm vs. 2.90 ± 0.11 mm, p = 0.445). Multivariate regression analysis identified MRD1 of the fellow eye as the only significant predictor of MRD1 in the injected eye (β = 0.769, p < 0.001).

conclusionThe repeated use of an eyelid speculum during intravitreal anti-VEGF injections does not significantly contribute to ptosis development. MRD1 tends to be similar between the injected and non-injected eye, suggesting that intrinsic factors may play a more crucial role in determining eyelid position than the mechanical effects of the procedure.

Indexed as

BlepharoptosisEyelidsRetinal DiseasesAgedAged, 80 and overAngiogenesis InhibitorsBevacizumabFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIntravitreal InjectionsMaleMiddle AgedRanibizumabReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorRetrospective StudiesAngiogenesis InhibitorsBevacizumabRanibizumabReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AAnti-VEGFBlepharoptosisEyelid speculumIntravitreal injectionMargin-reflex distance

Identifiers

PMID39945841
PMCPMC12238170

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.