Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39944974›Full record

ArticleJournal of human kinetics2025

Temporal Trends of Linear Speed and Change of Direction Performance in Italian Children.

Matteo Vandoni, Alessandro Gatti, Vittoria Carnevale Pellino, Caterina Cavallo, Agnese Pirazzi, Matteo Giuriato, Nicola Lovecchio

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of human kinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Matteo VandoniLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Alessandro GattiLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Vittoria Carnevale PellinoLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Caterina CavalloLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Agnese PirazziLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Matteo GiuriatoLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Nicola LovecchioDepartment of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children tend to enjoy high-intensity activities that involve both linear speed (LS) and change of direction (COD), essential for sports performance. However, the results of trends in LS and COD have not been consistent over time. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the temporal trends in LS and COD performance among 11-13 year old Italian children/preadolescents over 25 years, while minimizing the effect of anthropometric characteristics. A total of 3884 students were recruited between 1990 and 2010 and performed 4 x 5-m shuttle run, 30-m sprint, and 60-m speed tests. A weighted linear regression was performed to analyze the overall temporal trends in BMI-adjusted speed tests. The results showed an increase in mean 4 x 5-m shuttle run time, indicating a decrease in COD ability, while LS performance remained relatively stable over time. These trends were consistent across genders and ages. Our study concludes that LS test performance remained steady over decades, while COD ability declined with sex-based variations despite participants' early age. Our results offer crucial data for interventions to improve children's physical fitness: in particular for COD performance. PE teachers and coaches should prioritize improving COD over LS to improve these abilities and prevent physical fitness decline.

Indexed as

exercisephysical fitnessspeedsprint

Identifiers

PMID39944974
PMCPMC11812156

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.