ArticleTranslational pediatrics2025
Age- and sex-specific reference intervals for sex hormones in children in Wuhan: a cross-sectional study of 2,477 healthy children and adolescents.
Article in Translational pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Essential Data Elements for Laboratory Test Interoperability: An Expert Consensus-Based Framework.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Guideline
- Age- and sex-specific reference intervals for anti-Müllerian hormone during childhood in Chinese population: a cross-sectional study of 2,450 healthy children.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The standards for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating endocrine diseases in pediatric patients often rely on laboratory assessments of children's growth and differentiation markers, among which sex hormones are pivotal. Nonetheless, due to the rapid development during childhood and adolescence and the substantial physiological differences between children and adults, sex hormone levels undergo significant fluctuations. Unfortunately, few laboratories in China currently provide reliable reference intervals (RIs) for children's sex hormones. Hence, it is imperative to establish age-, sex-, and assay-RIs for sex hormones. In this study, age- and sex-specific pediatric RIs for estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (PROG), and testosterone (TESTO) were established using a Mindray automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer (CL-6000i). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 2,477 healthy children and adolescents from birth to 19 years were recruited in Wuhan Children's Hospital from September 2022 to August 2023, and serum samples were collected. Serum samples were analyzed on a Mindray analyzer (CL-6000i) for detection of sex hormones, including E2, FSH, LH, PRL, PROG, and TESTO. After sample analysis, age- and sex-specific differences were assessed. RIs were established according to guideline C28-A3 of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: We observed a complex pattern of changes in the concentrations of various hormones from the neonatal period through adolescence. Given the sex- and age-dependent variations in all sex hormones, we identified the need for establishing specific RIs for several subgroups to capture the fluctuations in hormone levels across this developmental spectrum. Notably, during the first month of life, significant variations were observed in all six hormones levels, necessitating further subdivisions within the first year. Additionally, age groups demonstrating nonsignificant differences in hormone concentrations were merged, resulting in different age subgroups for each of the six sex hormones. Conclusions: We established specific pediatric RIs for sex hormones in both male and female children and adolescents, and also examined the age- and sex-specific differences, aligning them with medical literature, thereby facilitating the interpretation of patient results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.