ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025
Challenges and limitations in using bacterial metabolites as immunomodulators.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Delivering the Gut to the Brain: Drug Delivery Strategies for Microbiota-Derived Therapeutics in Depression.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- In silico exploration of the genomic repertoire of Iranian aquatic bacteria: Prophage carriage, bioactive compound potential, CRISPR-Cas immunity, and integrated defensive-metabolic islands.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Genomic landscape of biosynthetic gene clusters in Iranian extremophiles reveals prolific metabolite potential, prophage associations, and integrated defensive-metabolic islands.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiome and Immune System Crosstalk in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Antibiotic Resistance Genes by Heat-KilledBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Effect of Microbiome-Derived Metabolites in Inflammation-Related Cancer Prevention and Treatment.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolites modulate Treg/Th17 balance: novel therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Harnessing the immunomodulatory potential of bacterial metabolites opens up exciting possibilities for treating various immune-related disorders. However, turning this potential into a reality presents significant challenges. This review investigates these challenges, focusing on discovery, production, characterization, stability, formulation, safety, and individual variability limitations. The limited bioavailability of many metabolites, as well as potential improvements along with the potential for off-target effects and the importance of precise targeting, are emphasized. Furthermore, the complex interactions between gut bacterial metabolites and the microbiome are investigated, highlighting the importance of personalized approaches. We conclude by discussing promising advances in metagenomics, metabolomics, synthetic biology, and targeted delivery systems, which hold out hope for overcoming these limitations and paving the way for the clinical translation of bacterial metabolites as effective immunomodulators.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.