Enhanced Fire-Extinguishing Performance and Synergy Mechanism of HM/DAP Composite Dry Powder.

Lijing Wang, Shaowen Du, Zhiji Zhou, Yibo Guo, Qi Yang, Sai Yao, Haijun Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lijing WangSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Shaowen DuSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Zhiji ZhouSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Yibo GuoSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Qi YangSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Sai YaoSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.

Haijun ZhangSchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9082-3662

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 3122023QD01Tianjin City Distinguish Young Scholar Fund 21JCJQJC00040

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phosphate resources are non-renewable and are increasingly depleting. Currently, the primary raw material for commercial ABC dry powder fire-extinguishing agents is a processed product derived from the limited reserves of phosphorus ore. Consequently, there is an urgent imperative to innovate and develop novel types of dry powder fire-extinguishing agents. In this work, a simple physical blending process was utilized to modify the abundant and cost-effective hydromagnesite (HM) powder, which has been proven to be a promising dry powder extinguishant with a pronounced physical cooling effect on fire suppression. The HM powder added to 10 wt.% diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) showed a shorter extinguishing time and a lower agent dosage compared with the unmodified powder and commercially available monoammonium phosphate (MAP) in both the liquid and solid fire experiments. Notably, the HM/DAP composite dry powder extinguished fires with the lowest CO concentration, indicating superior environmental friendliness and human safety. These findings indicate the potential of the HM/DAP composite dry powder as a promising candidate for future fire-extinguishing applications.

Indexed as

composite dry powderextinguishing agenthydromagnesiteliquid firesolid fire

Identifiers

PMID39942199

DOI10.3390/ma18030533

PMCPMC11818437

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.