Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39941081›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Colorectal Cancer: Current and Future Therapeutic Approaches and Related Technologies Addressing Multidrug Strategies Against Multiple Level Resistance Mechanisms.

Marianna Puzzo, Marzia De Santo, Catia Morelli, Antonella Leggio, Stefania Catalano, Luigi Pasqua

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Stimuli-responsive bioengineered platforms for precision cancer therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Marianna PuzzoLaboratory of Clinical, Biomolecular and Genetic Analyses Unit, Annunziata Hospital, 87100 Cosenza, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-9105-2136
Marzia De SantoDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.
Catia MorelliDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9407-0805
Antonella LeggioDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4373-6232
Stefania CatalanoLaboratory of Clinical, Biomolecular and Genetic Analyses Unit, Annunziata Hospital, 87100 Cosenza, Italy.
Luigi PasquaNanoSiliCal Devices s.r.l., University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.

Funding

National Plan for NRRP Complementary Investments PNC0000003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. The mutation profile and related involved pathways of CRC have been, in broad terms, analyzed. The main current therapeutic approaches have been comprehensively reviewed here, and future possible therapeu-tic options and related technologies have been perspectively presented. The complex scenario represented by the multiple-level resistance mechanism in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, including mutations in KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF V600E, is discussed. Examples of engineered therapeutic approaches from the literature along with a drug combination tested in clinical trials are discussed. The encouraging results observed with the latter combination (the BEACON clinical trial), totally free from chemotherapy, prompted the authors to imagine a future possible nanotechnology-assisted therapeutic approach for bypassing multiple-level resistance mechanisms, hopefully allowing, in principle, a complete biological cancer remission.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsDrug Resistance, MultipleDrug Resistance, NeoplasmAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsErbB ReceptorsHumansMutationProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Antineoplastic AgentsErbB ReceptorsProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)colorectal cancerepidermal growth factor receptormolecular targeted therapymultiple level resistance mechanismssecond level mutations directed targeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID39941081
PMCPMC11818749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.