Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39940642›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Schizophrenia: Insights, Mechanisms, and Future Directions.

Fangsong Zhang, Jianye Zhang, Xuexue Wang, Mengyang Han, Yi Fei, Jinhong Wang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fangsong ZhangDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
Jianye ZhangDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
Xuexue WangDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
Mengyang HanDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
Yi FeiDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
Jinhong WangDepartment of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7552-5771

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system by regulating solute transport and preventing neurotoxic substances from infiltrating brain tissue. In schizophrenia, emerging evidence identifies BBB dysfunction as a key pathophysiological factor associated with neuroinflammation, tight junction abnormalities, and endothelial dysfunction. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques, such as arterial spin labeling (ASL), have provided valuable tools for investigating BBB permeability and its role in disease progression. This review synthesizes findings from postmortem studies, serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analyses, and advanced neuroimaging research to elucidate BBB alterations in schizophrenia. It highlights the mechanistic roles of tight junction protein dysregulation, neurovascular unit dysfunction, and immune responses in disrupting BBB integrity. Furthermore, the review examines the bidirectional effects of antipsychotic medications on BBB, addressing both therapeutic opportunities and potential challenges. By emphasizing the pivotal role of BBB dysfunction in schizophrenia pathogenesis, this review underscores its translational potential. Through the integration of multidisciplinary evidence, it lays the foundation for innovative diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies, enhancing our understanding of schizophrenia's complex pathophysiology.

Indexed as

Blood-Brain BarrierSchizophreniaAnimalsAntipsychotic AgentsBiomarkersHumansTight JunctionsAntipsychotic AgentsBiomarkersASLbiomarkersblood–brain barrierendothelial dysfunctionMRIneuroimagingneuroinflammationpathophysiologyschizophreniatight junction

Identifiers

PMID39940642
PMCPMC11817713

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.