Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39940522›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

A Comparative Study on the Structural, Physicochemical, Release, and Antioxidant Properties of Sodium Casein and Gelatin Films Containing Sea Buckthorn Oil.

Dariusz Kowalczyk, Monika Karaś, Waldemar Kazimierczak, Tomasz Skrzypek, Adrian Wiater, Artur Bartkowiak, Monika Basiura-Cembala

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Dariusz KowalczykDepartment of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5523-6219
Monika KaraśDepartment of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6082-3864
Waldemar KazimierczakDepartment of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Faculty of Medicine, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8576-4701
Tomasz SkrzypekDepartment of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Faculty of Medicine, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1836-3734
Adrian WiaterDepartment of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1433-3634
Artur BartkowiakCenter of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6583-946X
Monika Basiura-CembalaInstitute of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5714-7527

Funding

Minister of Science and Higher Education 029/RID/2018/19
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of increasing concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4%) of sea buckthorn oil (SBO) on the structural, physicochemical, release, and antioxidant properties of glycerol-plasticized sodium casein (NaCAS) and gelatin (GEL) films. Ultrasonic treatment ensured effective homogenization of SBO in both types of emulsions, resulting in yellow-tinted semi-opaque films with relatively low micro-roughness. Generally, GEL films demonstrated lower UV barrier properties and solubility but exhibited higher compactness, crystallinity, transparency, surface hydrophobicity, oxygen barrier performance, strength, and antiradical activity compared to their NaCAS-based counterparts. In a concentration-dependent manner, SBO decreased the solubility and water absorption of the gelatin-based film and enhanced its oxygen permeability. Conversely, SBO improved the water vapor barrier properties of both films in a concentration-independent manner. At the highest SBO concentration, the tensile strength of NaCAS- and GEL-based films decreased by 27% and 20%, respectively, while their antiradical activity increased by 9.3× and 4.3× (based on the time required for the half-neutralization of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals). Migration studies showed that at the lowest concentration, SBO was released (into 95% ethanol) approximately 2× faster from the GEL-based film than from the NaCAS film, whereas at higher concentrations, the trend reversed.

Indexed as

controlled releaseDPPH*edible filmsFTIRgelatinmechanical propertiessea buckthorn oilsodium caseinWVPX-ray diffraction

Identifiers

PMID39940522
PMCPMC11821040

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.