Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39940442›Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Nutrition Knowledge, Food Insecurity, and Dietary Biomarkers: Examining Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among College Students.

Emily Sklar, Marcela D Radtke, Francene M Steinberg, Valentina Medici, Deborah S Fetter, Rachel E Scherr

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Emily SklarDepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6832-9118
Marcela D RadtkeDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2045-8492
Francene M SteinbergDepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1856-1503
Valentina MediciDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5438-284X
Deborah S FetterDepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8531-9760
Rachel E ScherrFamily, Interiors, Nutrition & Apparel Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9962-5726

Funding

Aggie Compass N/ADiet ID N/AUniversity of California Office of the President Global Food Initiative N/AUSDA CA-D-NTR-6316-H
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesFood insecurity among college students, combined with limited nutrition knowledge and barriers to healthy eating, significantly impacts diet quality and fruit and vegetable intake. Efforts to address these issues are further complicated by the challenges of accurately and efficiently collecting dietary data in research settings. This study aimed to explore the relationship between nutrition knowledge and fruit/vegetable intake using skin, plasma, and dietary carotenoid levels as biomarkers.

methodsUndergraduate and graduate students aged 18 years and older (

resultsThe mean nutrition knowledge scores were 36.55 ± 8.83 out of 58 points, and the mean skin carotenoid score was 307.07 ± 110.22. Higher knowledge scores were associated with increased plasma carotenoids, HEI-score, and Diet ID™ total carotenoids. Food security classification did not significantly impact nutrition knowledge but did influence HEI scores and skin carotenoid levels, with very low food security linked to poorer diet quality and lower carotenoid levels.

conclusionsNutrition knowledge may serve as a significant predictor of fruit and vegetable intake in university students. Despite this correlation, the impact of overall diet quality is potentially hindered by an individual's food security status. Therefore, while knowledge is critical, addressing food insecurity is essential for enhancing diet quality among college students.

Indexed as

DietFood InsecurityFruitHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeStudentsVegetablesAdolescentAdultBiomarkersCaliforniaCarotenoidsDiet, HealthyFemaleHumansMaleNutritional StatusBiomarkersCarotenoidscarotenoidscollege studentsdietary assessmentfood insecurityfruit and vegetable intakenutrition knowledge

Identifiers

PMID39940442
PMCPMC11819945

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.