ArticleClinical and experimental dental research2025
Effects of Repeated Use and Sterilization on the Wear of Zirconia Implant Drills: A SEM-Based Analysis.
Article in Clinical and experimental dental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study evaluated the effects of repeated use and sterilization on the wear and cutting-edge integrity of zirconia implant drills. MATERIALS AND
methodsSixty zirconium dioxide drills (Z-Systems AG) with diameters of 2.3, 3.75, and 4.25 mm were tested. Drilling was performed in porcine mandibular bone under standardized conditions: 800 rpm, 50 Ncm torque, and 20 N axial pressure. Drills were divided into two groups: Group 1 (sterilized but unused) and Group 2 (30 drilling cycles with reprocessing). Wear was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 1000x magnification, applying a three-grade scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05).
resultsDrills subjected to 30 cycles showed significantly higher wear grades (Grade 2-3) compared to unused drills (Grade 0-1) (p < 0.001). The mean wear grades increased from 0.3 to 2.6 for 2.3 mm, from 0.4 to 2.7 for 3.75 mm, and from 0.2 to 2.7 for 4.25 mm drills. Effect sizes (r = 0.88-0.90) confirmed a strong relationship between repeated use and wear.
conclusionsZirconia drills show significant wear after 30 cycles. Although they offer potential as an alternative to steel drills, further research is needed to optimize cost-effectiveness and clinical durability. CLINICAL
trial registrationNot applicable.
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