Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39939519›Full record

ArticlePediatric research2025

Synergism between TLR4 and B. infantis in the development of the premature intestine.

Wuyang Huang, Karim Djebali, Ky Young Cho, Kimberly Gardner, Alessio Fasano, Di Meng, W Allan Walker

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wuyang Huang *Institute of Agro‑Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Karim Djebali *Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Ky Young ChoMucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Kimberly GardnerMucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Alessio FasanoMucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA. afasano@mgh.harvard.edu.
Di MengMucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
W Allan WalkerMucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 16th Street Building (114‑3503), Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIntestinal microbiota has a role in early life maturation including maturation of intestinal immune function. However, the interaction of the TLR4 with colonizing bacteria in intestinal development is incompletely understood.

methodsAn established human immature small intestinal cell line, human fetal intestinal organoids, and wild-type (WT) and TLR4 gene knockout (TLR4

resultsTLR4-mediated postbiotics induced immature enterocyte proliferation and filamentous actin (F-actin) maturation both at the mRNA and protein levels. Proliferation of mRNA levels increased in wild-type mice but not in TLR4

conclusionsOur data suggest a novel regulation of intestinal development by a synergistic role of the innate immune receptor TLR4 and early life colonizing bacteria, such as B. infantis. This study should provide new insights into the mechanisms of intestinal maturation as well as opportunities to target novel approaches to NEC prevention and treatment. IMPACT: The innate immune system and postbiotics affect immature intestinal development. The innate immune receptor TLR4 prevention of NEC. Mechanism of prevention of NEC. This is the first time this has been demonstrated in human fetal intestine. In vitro process for future clinical studies for prevention of NEC.

Indexed as

IntestinesToll-Like Receptor 4ActinsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCell LineCell ProliferationEnterocytesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansImmunity, InnateInfant, NewbornMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutOrganoidsActinsTLR4 protein, humanTlr4 protein, mouseToll-Like Receptor 4

Identifiers

PMID39939519
PMCPMC12411269

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.