Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39936151›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024

Recombinant SpTransformer proteins bind to specific sites on sea urchin phagocytes and modulate

Ryley S Crow, Leon Grayfer, L Courtney Smith

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Cryopreservation of sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos and development through metamorphosis.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ryley S CrowDepartment of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
Leon GrayferDepartment of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
L Courtney SmithDepartment of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The California purple sea urchin, Methods: rSpTrf protein binding to, and responses by phagocytes was investigated by cytology, flow cytometry, binding competitions using In-cell ELISA, and gene expression analyses. Results: Soluble rSpTrf proteins bind specifically and exclusively to both live and fixed polygonal and small phagocytes. The different rSpTrf proteins appear to bind shared receptor(s) or other form of cell surface binding site. The phagocyte response to bound rSpTrf proteins culminates in modulated expression of the Conclusions: These findings underscore the multifaceted and dynamic functions of SpTrf proteins within the innate immune system of the purple sea urchin. Their varied functions enable a robust immune response while also providing a unique modulatory mechanism by which response levels are controlled and adjusted to the level of the foreign threat.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationPhagocytesStrongylocentrotus purpuratusAnimalsImmunity, InnatePhagocytosisProtein BindingRecombinant ProteinsRecombinant Proteinsauto-regulationcoelomocytesechinodermimmune effector proteinsinnate immunityStrongylocentrotus purpuratus

Identifiers

PMID39936151
PMCPMC11810900

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.