Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39935614›Full record

ReviewAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)

The Common Alzheimer's Disease Research Ontology (CADRO) for biomarker categorization.

Amanda M Leisgang Osse, Jefferson W Kinney, Jeffrey L Cummings

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Neurotransmitter Systems in Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026
    Review
  4. The roles of biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  5. Advances in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Alzheimer Combination Therapies: Overview and Scenarios.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: 2025.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Amanda M Leisgang OsseDepartment of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Las Vegas Nevada USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-2180
Jefferson W KinneyDepartment of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Las Vegas Nevada USA.
Jeffrey L CummingsDepartment of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Las Vegas Nevada USA.

Funding

Renewal of Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) (Phase 2) CNTN - ResubmissionP20GM109025 · NIGMS · CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION · PI JESSICA KIRKLAND CALDWELL · 2015 to 2026
$22.8M
Alzheimer's Clinical Trial InnOvatioN (ACTION) InitiativeR35AG071476 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · PI CUMMINGS, JEFFREY L. · 2021 to 2025
$2.9M
Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Innovation Incubator (InnovaTor)R25AG083721 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · PI JEFFREY L. CUMMINGS, Xue K Zhong · 2023 to 2026
$1.0M
NIA NIH HHS R25 AG083721NIA NIH HHS R35 AG071476NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomarkers are vital to Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug development and clinical trials, and will have an increasing role in clinical care. In this narrative review, we demonstrate the use of the National Institutes on Aging/Alzheimer's Association (NIA/AA) Common Alzheimer's Disease Research Ontology (CADRO) system for the categorization of biomarkers based on the primary mechanism on which they report. We show that biomarkers are available (in various levels of validation) for all CADRO processes. Application of the CADRO system demonstrates gaps in the field where novel biomarkers are needed for specific aspects of the disease, and assays to detect and measure biological changes, in individuals with symptomatic or preclinical AD. We demonstrate the CADRO system as a means of categorizing established and candidate AD biomarkers, showing the feasibility and practicality of the system. CADRO can assist with biomarker selection for AD clinical trials and drug development, and may eventually be applied to implementing biomarkers in patient care. Highlights: The Common Alzheimer's Disease Research Ontology (CADRO) system can be used to categorize biomarkers for drug development.We demonstrate the use of CADRO with Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers.We identified AD biomarkers in each of the CADRO categories.CADRO can be incorporated into current AD drug development and clinical trial systems.

Indexed as

Alzheimer's diseasebiomarkersclinical trialCommon Alzheimer's Disease Research Ontologydrug development

Identifiers

PMID39935614
PMCPMC11812129

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.