Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39934704›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Life after medicalised conception: an interpretative phenomenological analysis study exploring the experiences of pregnancy and transition to parenthood.

Z Foyston, L E Higgins, D M Smith, A Wittkowski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Z FoystonDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Room 4.2, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
L E HigginsMaternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
D M SmithDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Room 4.2, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
A WittkowskiDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Room 4.2, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. Anja.wittkowski@manchester.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPregnancy resulting from Medicalised Conception (MAC) is increasingly prevalent. In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is the most common type of treatment which has been linked to increased pregnancy-specific anxiety and different approaches to parenting. This study explored the experiences of pregnancy and the transition to parenthood in individuals who conceived via IVF, identifying how they coped with any psychological difficulties.

methodParticipants who successfully achieved pregnancy via IVF and had given birth to an infant aged 12 weeks to two years old, were interviewed. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

resultsBased on data from 12 British participants, three superordinate themes were identified: (1) The lasting imprint of IVF: unidentified and unmet psychological needs. The resultant loss, grief and powerlessness associated with the IVF treatment left individuals emotionally vulnerable entering pregnancy. The lasting impact of IVF was evident, influencing birth preferences and feeding choices. (2) The fragility of pregnancy: helpless and existing in a world of uncertainty. Pregnancy was often approached with caution and trepidation, leading to methods of self-protection, such as difficulties in believing the existence of the pregnancy. (3) The parental function of healthcare systems: needing an anchor and a sense of safety highlighted the pivotal role of health systems and their ability to perpetuate or alleviate distress.

conclusionsThe psychological vulnerability of parents after IVF needs to be considered throughout the perinatal period. Monitoring of psychological well-being and the implementation of specialist services and peer support for individuals who conceive via IVF are recommended.

Indexed as

Fertilization in VitroParentingParentsAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultFemaleGriefHumansPregnancyQualitative ResearchUnited KingdomAntenatalIVFLived experienceParentsPostnatalQualitativeWomen

Identifiers

PMID39934704
PMCPMC11817777

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.