ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025
Intraoperative support using mixed reality holograms for hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Artificial intelligence in thoracic surgery: a narrative review of clinical advances and applications in 2025.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccurate lymph node (LN) dissection is crucial in the surgical management of lung cancer. However, studies addressing the challenges of anatomically precise LN dissection are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the utility and safety of mixed reality (MR) holograms as an intraoperative support tool for hilar and mediastinal lymph node dissection (HMLND).
methodsPolygonal (stereolithographic) files of the thoracic cavity were created from SYNAPSE VINCENT images and uploaded into Holoeyes MD virtual reality software. The three-dimensional (3D) holograms generated from these images were displayed on head-mounted displays (HoloLens2) worn by the surgeons and their assistants during HMLND. Intraoperative hologram support (IHS) safety was assessed in 10 patients who underwent HMLND with anatomical lung resection. Additionally, the utility of the intraoperative hologram was evaluated through a questionnaire completed by four thoracic surgeons experienced in hologram manipulation.
resultsIHS was used for a median duration of 5 min (interquartile range: 4-6). No 90-day postoperative complications were observed. Surgeons unanimously agreed that the holograms accurately represented the vascular and bronchial structures of the hilar and mediastinal regions. Additionally, none of the surgeons disagreed that the holograms provided greater benefit intraoperatively compared to preoperatively. In particular, IHS was found effective for the dissection of non-adjacent interlobar LNs post-segmentectomy and LN #4L.
conclusionsIHS improved the surgical understanding of thoracic anatomy during HMLND, potentially leading to more precise and reliable LN dissection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39934278What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.