Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39934193›Full record

ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2025

Mapping of catecholaminergic denervation, neurodegeneration, and inflammation in 6-OHDA-treated Parkinson's disease mice.

Matteo Santoro, Rachel K Lam, Sarah E Blumenfeld, Weiqi Tan, Peter Ciari, Emily K Chu, Nay L Saw, Daniel Ryskamp Rijsketic, Jennifer S Lin, Boris D Heifets and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Sympathetic denervation alters pulmonary microbiota diversity and composition in mice.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Article
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  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Matteo SantoroDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Rachel K LamDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Sarah E BlumenfeldDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Weiqi TanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Peter CiariDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Emily K ChuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Nay L SawDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Daniel Ryskamp RijsketicDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Jennifer S LinDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Boris D HeifetsDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Mehrdad ShamlooDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA. shamloo@stanford.edu.

Funding

Training CoreP50DA042012 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Karl A. Deisseroth · 2017 to 2026
$27.1M
A Shared Neuroscience Platform for National Dissemination and Training in Brain Organogenesis, Behavioral and Brain Disease Models, Viral Vectors, and Imaging TechnologiesU24NS124026 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI William T Newsome, Sergiu Pasca · 2022 to 2026
$6.5M
Mapping Neural Circuit Activity Mediating MDMA's Prosocial EffectR01MH130591 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Boris Dov Heifets · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
Development of selective cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists for treatment of addictionUG3NS127382 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHAMLOO, MEHRDAD · 2022 to 2022
$662k
NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA042012NIH HHS UG3NS127382NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH130591NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS124026NINDS NIH HHS UG3 NS127382
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Efforts to develop disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) have been hindered by the lack of animal models replicating all hallmarks of PD and the insufficient attention to extra-nigrostriatal regions pathologically critical for the prodromal appearance of non-motor symptoms. Among PD models, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) infusion in mice has gained prominence since 2012, primarily focusing on the nigrostriatal region. This study characterized tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron and fiber loss across the brain following a unilateral 6-OHDA (20 µg) infusion into the dorsal striatum. Our analysis integrates immunolabeling, brain clearing (iDISCO+), light sheet microscopy, and computational methods, including fMRI and machine learning tools. We also examined sex differences, disease progression, neuroinflammatory responses, and pro-apoptotic signaling in nigrostriatal regions of C57BL/6 mice exposed to varying 6-OHDA dosages (5, 10, or 20 µg) followed by 1, 7, and 14 days of recovery. This comprehensive, spatiotemporal analysis of 6-OHDA-induced pathology was used to map the time course of neuronal degeneration and the onset of neuroinflammation.

Identifiers

PMID39934193
PMCPMC11814337

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.