Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39934120›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Burst-like swarms in the Campi Flegrei caldera accelerating unrest from 2021 to 2024.

Flora Giudicepietro, Rosario Avino, Eliana Bellucci Sessa, Andrea Bevilacqua, Manuela Bonano, Stefano Caliro, Francesco Casu, Walter De Cesare, Claudio De Luca, Prospero De Martino and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Escalating soil COScience advances · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Flora GiudicepietroIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6198-8655
Rosario AvinoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Eliana Bellucci SessaIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-6476
Andrea BevilacquaIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Pisa, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0724-2593
Manuela BonanoConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.
Stefano CaliroIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-6695
Francesco CasuConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-6494
Walter De CesareIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Claudio De LucaConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-7503
Prospero De MartinoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Federico Di TragliaIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Mauro A Di VitoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7913-9149
Mario DolceIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Antonietta M EspositoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2192-3720
Riccardo LanariConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-2749
Giovanni MacedonioIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy. giovanni.macedonio@ingv.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6604-1479
Michele ManuntaConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7245-1551
Carmine MinopoliIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Fernando MonterrosoConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8196-6362
Augusto NeriIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Pisa, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-3624
Patrizia RicciolinoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Francesco RufinoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Alessandro SantiIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Giovanni ScarpatoIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.
Pasquale StrianoConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, Napoli-Milano, Italy.
Anna TramelliIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-5730
Giovanni ChiodiniIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-8055

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since early 2021, peculiar Volcano-Tectonic (VT) seismic sequences with very short inter-event times have become increasingly frequent and evident in the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy), which has been experiencing a long-term unrest since 2005. During the same period the ground deformation (uplift), seismicity and gas emission that characterize the current unrest showed an acceleration. Within this type of seismic sequence, we identify burst-like swarms, characterized by inter-event times so short that they are often not easily recognizable. Here we show that these sequences are located in an area encompassing the main hydrothermal field and a zone affected by a geodetic anomaly (a region that uplifts less rapidly than the surroundings), which became evident in 2021. This type of seismicity has been associated with phreatic explosions and critical phases of unrest in other volcanoes and currently characterizes the state of activity of Campi Flegrei caldera.

Identifiers

PMID39934120
PMCPMC11814350

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.