Observational studyBMJ open gastroenterology2025
Provocative tests of anal sphincter function correlate with symptoms and subtypes of faecal incontinence.
Observational study in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anorectal substructure dosimetry and low anterior resection syndrome after neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer: an exploratory analysis.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2026Article
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10 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesHigh-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) is the established investigation in faecal incontinence (FI). However, provocative tests (functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) and anal acoustic reflectometry (AAR)) have been proposed as alternatives. This study uniquely explores all three methods in correlation with FI symptoms and subtypes.
methodsThis was a prospective observational study of patients with FI attending a tertiary pelvic floor unit between August 2022 and January 2024. Patients underwent HRAM, FLIP and AAR with the order randomised. FI severity was assessed with the Vaizey score and quality-of-life with the Manchester Health Questionnaire.
results40 patients (39 women, median age: 62 (range: 38-85)) were recruited with 27 (67.5%) reporting urge FI, 8 (20%) mixed and 5 (12.5%) passive incontinence. FLIP squeeze measurements correlated with the Vaizey score, including incremental squeeze pressure at 40 mL (r
conclusionsFLIP and AAR correlate better with FI symptoms compared with HRAM. Therefore, these provocative tests could be used to guide the management of FI in prospective studies.
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