Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39932866›Full record

ReviewThe British journal of radiology2025

The current state of imaging biomarker development and evaluation.

Steve Halligan, Sue Mallett

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The British journal of radiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Steve HalliganResearch Department of Imaging, Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London W1W 7TS, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0632-5108
Sue MallettResearch Department of Imaging, Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London W1W 7TS, United Kingdom.

Funding

Biomedical Research CentreNational Institute for Health ResearchNIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With a focus on imaging, this narrative review describes why biomarker research rarely culminates in anything clinically useful. We explain the difference between diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and the different phases of their research. We describe what factors need consideration when designing research studies to generate evidence sufficient to translate a potential imaging biomarker into clinical practice. We emphasize the need to balance the number of biomarkers investigated with the number of available patient events, so that studies are not overwhelmed by false-positive results. We explain the need for rigorous evaluation, so that clinicians can be convinced the biomarker will work in their practice and benefit their patients. In particular, we explain why novel biomarkers should be evaluated alongside factors already known to be clinically useful, so that their incremental benefit, if any, can be determined.

Indexed as

BiomarkersDiagnostic ImagingHumansPrognosisResearch DesignBiomarkersbiomarkerclinical markersmethodological studymodelsresearch designstatistical

Identifiers

PMID39932866
PMCPMC12187508

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.