Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39931046›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2025

Joint effect of modifiable risk factors on Parkinson's disease: a large-scale longitudinal study.

Panlong Li, Xirui Zhu, Min Liu, Yanfeng Wang, Chun Huang, Junwei Sun, Shan Tian, Yuna Li, Yuan Qiao, Junting Yang and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Panlong LiSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Xirui ZhuSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Min LiuDepartment of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Yanfeng WangSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Chun HuangSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Junwei SunSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Shan TianDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuna LiDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuan QiaoDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Junting YangDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shanshan CaoDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chaohua CongDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lei ZhaoDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jingjing SuDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Dandan TianDepartment of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Previous researches have often underestimated the diversity and combined effects of risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to identify how multiple modifiable risk factors collectively impact PD. Methods: The study included 452,492 participants from the UK Biobank, utilizing genetic data and 255 phenotypic variables. A broad exposure association study was conducted across seven domains: socioeconomic status, medical history, psychosocial factors, physical measures, early life, local environment, and lifestyle. Risk scores of each domain for each participant were generated. The joint effects of modifiable and genetic risks assessed using Cox proportional hazards model. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was estimated to quantify contribution ratio of risk factors in different domains to the occurrence of PD. Results: Multiple risk factors significantly ( Discussion: Results indicated that addressing modifiable risk factors, especially in physical measures and psychological factors, could potentially prevent up to 33.87% of PD cases. In formulating prevention strategies, it is recommended to prioritize domains such as physical measures, psychosocial factors, lifestyle, and medical history.

Indexed as

lifestylemedical historymodifiable risk factorsParkinson’s diseasephysical measurementpopulation attributable fraction

Identifiers

PMID39931046
PMCPMC11808133

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.