ArticleBMC microbiology2025
Optimization of citrulline production from a Bacillus subtilis BH-01 isolated from raw buffalo milk.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioconversion of wheat and bean straw by thermo-alkaliphilic actinomycetes for enhanced polygalacturonase yield: statistical optimization and industrial application.Biodegradation · 2026Article
- Dynamics of Microorganisms and Metabolites in the Mixed Silage of Oats and Vetch in Alpine Pastures, and Their Regulatory Mechanisms Under Low Temperatures.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to optimize the L-citrulline production process using Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken designs. L-citrulline-producing bacterium BH-01 was isolated from raw buffalo milk. The isolate was tested for probiotic activities such as tolerance to simulated gastric and intestinal juices, antagonistic activity against six antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and temperature tolerance. L-citrulline production and arginine deiminase (ADI) activity were optimized using statistical designs. The bacterial isolate was molecularly identified as Bacillus subtilis strain AUMC B-498 (accession number PP574248.1). The strain exhibited resistance at pH 2.0 and bile salt 0.5% for a two-hour exposure period. It could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Serratia sp., Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Streptococcus pneumoniae. From the results of statistical optimization, the Plackett-Burman design identified temperature, L-arginine, incubation period, and peptone as the most effective factors among the eight selected variables. Based on these, the Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the factors required to maximize citrulline production. The maximum L-citrulline was 632.5 µg/L, and ADI activity was 1.42 U/mL. Therefore, BH-01 isolated from Buffalo milk might be a promising candidate in food, biotechnological, and pharmaceutical applications due to its dual functionality for citrulline production and probiotic characteristics.
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