ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2025
Profiles of developmental disorder and associations with gestational age.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- On the inherent yet dynamic link between metaphor and Theory of Mind in middle childhood: meta-analytic evidence from a research programme bridging experimental pragmatics and developmental psychology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Pooled it
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to examine profiles of co-occurrence of developmental disorders and their association with birth before full term.
designLatent class analysis of cohort data with linked health data.
settingBradford, England. PATIENTS: 13 172 children were included in the analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Developmental disorder in medical records.
methodsData were censored at each child's 12th birthday. The latent class analysis identified patterns of developmental disorders. Multinomial logistic regression explored the association with gestational age while adjusting for clinical and socio-factors.
resultsThe majority (12,536) had a low risk of developmental disorders; this group was named 'typical development'. The remaining children were classified into three groups: 'educational difficulties' (347 children); 'social, emotional, behavioural and communication difficulties' (189 children) and 'early developmental impairment, with physical and intellectual disabilities' (100 children).Compared with 'typical development', very preterm birth was associated with an increased likelihood of being in the 'early developmental impairment, with physical and intellectual disabilities' group, adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR): 9.22 (95% CI 4.58 to 18.55). Birth before full term was associated with increased likelihood of being in the 'educational difficulties' group; risk was highest <34 weeks (aRRR: 2.64 (95% CI 1.44 to 4.83)) but persisted up to 37-38 weeks: aRRR: 1.41 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.81). There was no association between gestational age and the 'social, emotional, behavioural and communication difficulties'' group.
conclusionFour distinct profiles of developmental disorders were identified; gestational age was associated with two of these. Understanding which disorders children are most at risk of and how these co-occur can help provide accurate information to families and contribute to prompt diagnosis.
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