ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2025
20-Year income volatility and cognitive function in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979) cohort: A replication and extension of CARDIA findings.
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Income Volatility and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cause-Specific Hospitalization Among Adults With Depression: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Changes in financial well-being and memory function and decline in middle-aged and older adults.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Income Volatility During Early to Mid-adulthood and 10-year Memory Decline in a Longitudinal Synthetic Cohort.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Incident traumatic experiences and poor financial well-being: A double hit for cognitive decline?Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Grasset et al. previously reported that income volatility throughout early-to-mid adulthood (occurring during 1990-2010) in the CARDIA cohort was associated with worse midlife cognitive function. However, CARDIA lacked earlier-life cognition data, a major potential confounder. We replicate and extend this study in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979), which collected cognition measures in approximate adolescence. Following Grasset, we estimated associations between 20-year income volatility throughout early-to-mid adulthood (mean ages 27-47 in 1990-2010) and midlife cognitive function using confounder-adjusted linear regression models. Income volatility was assessed as the standard deviation (SD) of the percent change in income between successive annual or biennial surveys and as the number of income drops >25% between surveys. For cognition, we averaged z-scores on immediate and delayed 10-word recall, backwards counting, and serial 7's tasks. We found that income volatility and number of income drops were negatively associated with midlife cognitive function (e.g., each SD increase in income volatility was associated with 0.081 SD lower cognition z-scores, 95% CI: -0.121, -0.041) independent of earlier-life cognitive skills (e.g., before adjustment, βˆ = -0.095, 95% CI: -0.136, -0.054). Our study adds to a growing literature suggesting life course financial volatility may adversely impact cognitive aging.
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