ArticlePloS one2025
Type 1 diabetes incidence during COVID-19 pandemic has not been influenced by COVID-19 vaccination in northern Italy region, Lombardy.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- COVID-19 outbreak on the seasonality and incidence of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus.World journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- The pathophysiology, presentation and classification of Type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Seasonal Variation in Type 1 Diabetes Incidence in Poland: Exploring the Impact of Viral Infections, Including COVID-19.Pediatric diabetes · 2025Article
- Environmental triggers of pediatric type 1 diabetes: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2025Article
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31 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo describe the trends of type 1 diabetes(T1D) incidence in 0-17-year-olds over the years 2020-2023, and the COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Lombardy region.
methodsData about children and adolescents aged 0-17 years who received a diagnosis of T1D from 2020 to 2023 were extracted from the public computerized registry of the healthcare system of the Lombardy Region (Italy). After calculating the annual T1D incidence, the incidence in 2020, prior to the availability of vaccination, was compared to subsequent years. A separate analysis was conducted for the 12-17 age group, the first to receive vaccination.
resultsOne thousand two hundred seventy-three T1D onsets were recorded. The distribution of T1D showed no significant annual variation by sex (p-trend = 0.338), mean age (9 years, p = 0.537) and age distribution (p-trend = 0.563). T1D incidence [95% CI/100.000] did not significantly change comparing 2020 [18.94/100.000 (CI 16.88-21.18)] with 2021 [21.82/100.000 (CI 18.90-23.44)], 2022 [20.77/100.000 (CI 18.59-23.13)] and 2023 [19.68/100.000 (CI 16.61-20.94)]. No differences in incidence were observed in the 12-17 age group during 2021-2023 when COVID-19 vaccination was available when compared to 2020 (p-wald > 0.05). The COVID-19 vaccination coverage was lower in children with diabetes onset compared to the same-age general population (38 vs 42%).
conclusionsThe incidence of T1D in children remained stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of the uptake of the vaccination.
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