Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39928633›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetic ketoacidosis among patients with diabetes mellitus at the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Referral Hospital Northwest, Ethiopia.

Abebe Birhanu, Sintayehu Ambachew, Netsanet Baye, Emiyamrew Getnet, Sintayehu Admas, Eshet Gebrie, Abebaw Worede

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Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
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4citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Mapping the storm: a scoping review of diabetic emergencies in Africa.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Abebe BirhanuDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0363-3254
Sintayehu AmbachewDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Netsanet BayeDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Wollo, Ethiopia.
Emiyamrew GetnetDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Wollo, Ethiopia.
Sintayehu AdmasDepartment of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Eshet GebrieDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Abebaw WoredeDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the life-threatening complications in diabetic individuals with, high morbidity and mortality globally. However, the data related to the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic ketoacidosis are limited in the study setting.

objectiveTo assess the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis and its associated factors among diabetic mellitus patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

methodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to September 30, 2021. A total of 405 diabetic patients aged 20 and above were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. A total of 810 blood and urine samples (each 405) were collected using sterile serum separator tubes and urine collection cups, respectively. Sociodemographic and clinical data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Chemical analysis of urine was done using urine reagent strips to determine urine ketone bodies and PH. BECKMAN COULTER DxC700 AU clinical chemistry analyzer instrument was used to determine electrolytes and metabolites. The data was entered using Epi-Data version 4.6 and transferred to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the factors associated with the diabetic ketoacidosis. The results were considered statistically significant if the adjusted odds ratio was reported with a 95% confidence interval and a P-value below 0.05.

resultsThe overall prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis among diabetic patients was 35/405 (8.6%, 95% CI: 6.0-11.0%). Of these cases, 25 (71.4%) had type 1 diabetes mellitus, while 10 (28.6%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Statistically significant factors associated with diabetic ketoacidosis included being a young adult aged 20-29 years (AOR = 2.262; 95% CI = 1.090-4.758; P = 0.013), unemployment (AOR = 2.578; 95% CI = 1.457-6.113; P = 0.017), the presence of infection (AOR = 2.819; 95% CI = 1.138-8.428; P = 0.024), and being T1DM (AOR = 3.106; 95% CI = 1.150-7.273; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis among follow-up diabetes patients in this study was high, particularly among those aged 20-29 years, unemployed, or with infections. Increased vigilance, regular monitoring, timely infection management, and comprehensive diabetes education are essential for early detection and prevention of DKA. Social and financial support for unemployed diabetic patients can further enhance access to care and reduce DKA risk.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic KetoacidosisAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesEthiopiaFemaleHospitals, SpecialHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39928633
PMCPMC11809922

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.