Trial reportIntensive care medicine2025
Serum chloride concentration and outcomes in adults receiving intravenous fluid therapy with a balanced crystalloid solution or 0.9% sodium chloride.
Trial report in Intensive care medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Update on sepsis and septic shock: from bundles to precision medicine.Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- Chloremia Disturbances in Critical Care: A Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Impact and Management Strategies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Science-based fluid therapy in the intensive care unit: Professor Rinaldo Bellomo's legacy.Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether there is an interaction between baseline serum chloride concentration and pH and treatment effects in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients receiving intravenous fluid therapy with balanced solution versus 0.9% sodium chloride (saline).
methodsA secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in which patients were divided into cohorts according to quartiles of baseline serum chloride concentration and pH. The primary outcome was day-90 mortality.
resultsFrom 4846 patients with outcome data available, 4823 with relevant baseline data were included in this analysis, with 1347, 1333, 993 and 1150 patients in the chloride quartiles of < 102, 102-106, 107-109 and > 109 mmol/L, respectively. Data were also analysed in pH quartiles of ≤ 7.27, 7.27-7.34, 7.34-7.39 and > 7.39. The risk-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for day-90 mortality for patients assigned balanced solution compared to saline was 1.23 (0.95-1.58), 0.95 (0.73-1.25), 0.88 (0.64-1.21), and 0.76 (0.57-1.01) for lowest to highest chloride subgroups, respectively (P value for interaction = 0.10), and 0.89 (95% CI 0.69-1.15), 0.94 (0.70-1.27), 0.96 (0.67-1.38) and 1.15 (0.82-1.60) for pH quartiles from lowest to highest, respectively (P value for interaction = 0.63).
conclusionsThere were no significant differences in the treatment effect of balanced solutions compared to saline according to baseline serum chloride concentration or pH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39928118What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.