Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39928040›Full record

ArticleOral diseases2025

Temporomandibular Disorders in Brain Injury Patients and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Assessment Tools.

Mohit Kothari, Silas Alves-Costa, Abhishek Kumar, Gustavo G Nascimento, Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen, Peter Svensson, Simple F Kothari

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Oral diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mohit KothariHammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Hammel, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8191-9769
Silas Alves-CostaDentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-5301
Abhishek KumarDivision of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-3524
Gustavo G NascimentoDuke-NUS Medical School-Oral Health Academic Program, National Dental Research Institute, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-6300
Jørgen Feldbæk NielsenHammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Hammel, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5339-171X
Peter SvenssonFaculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-8089
Simple F KothariHammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Hammel, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-2927

Funding

Health Research Fund of the Central Denmark Region A3098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo evaluate the presence, severity and progression of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in acquired brain injury (ABI) population and determine the diagnostic accuracy of 3Q/TMD and Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) against the gold standard, Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD).

methodsABI individuals were assessed using 3Q/TMD and FAI at admission (n = 73) and Week 4 (n = 52), while DC/TMD was conducted only at Week 4. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 3Q/TMD and FAI were calculated against DC/TMD.

resultsTMD was detected in 66.0% (3Q/TMD) and 27.8% (FAI) at admission, with mild (75%) to moderate (25%) severity which was mostly pain-related. TMD frequency decreased to 11.3% (3Q/TMD) and 17.3% (FAI) by Week 4. Accuracy rates were 0.82 for 3Q/TMD and 0.83 for FAI. Sensitivity was 0.33 (3Q/TMD) and 0.50 (FAI), while specificity was high at 0.93 (3Q/TMD) and 0.90 (FAI).

conclusionsTMD presence was higher in an ABI population compared to the general population however the frequency decreased over time. The high specificity and accuracy of 3Q/TMD and FAI indicate their potentials as screening tools but their low sensitivity limits their effectiveness in identifying all TMD cases. Patients with ABI should be assessed for TMD as part of their comprehensive care.

Indexed as

Brain InjuriesTemporomandibular Joint DisordersAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexYoung Adultacquired brain injurydiagnostic validityneurorehabilitationstroketemporomandibular disorders

Identifiers

PMID39928040
PMCPMC12319349

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.