Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39927610›Full record

ArticlePalliative medicine2025

'Regrets become a lasting source of pain': A qualitative study on family caregivers' experiences leading up to a relative's death.

Hui-Ju Liang, Qian Xiong, Peng-Chan Lin, Jui-Hung Tsai, Nancy Preston

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Palliative medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hui-Ju LiangDivision of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Health Innovation One, Lancaster, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8115-6706
Qian XiongCentre for Ageing Research, Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6139-3990
Peng-Chan LinDepartment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Jui-Hung TsaiDepartment of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-0318-3474
Nancy PrestonInternational Observatory on End of Life Care, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2659-2342

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDeath preparations can benefit families both before and during bereavement. While these preparations are culturally influenced, evidence from non-Western cultures, like Eastern Asia, is limited.

aimTo explore how family caregivers prepare for a relative's death in Taiwan.

designA qualitative interview study analysed with reflexive thematic analysis. SETTING/

participantsTwenty-two primary family caregivers following a death involving specialist palliative care were interviewed.

resultsAn overarching theme was 'getting everything right to have no regrets between the dead and the living'. Within this, two themes focussed upon improving the dying relative's outcomes and the families' subsequent bereavement: (1) 'making the right end-of-life decisions is crucial but complex', exploring preparations to involve (or not) the dying relative in making choices to minimise regrets. Participants often felt they understood the dying relative's wishes so respected their preferences while maintaining family harmony through consensus-building and professional guidance. (2) 'becoming a competent caregiver is the priority', addressing preparations for fulfilling responsibilities, making sacrifices and developing caregiving competence to ensure the dying relative's comfort. This would help reduce feelings of regret about not having done enough.

conclusionPreparing for end-of-life decisions and caregiving is important for participants to reduce regret, benefiting subsequent bereavement. Of particular importance is family involvement and consensus-building in end-of-life decisions, reflecting Taiwan's family-led culture. These findings can inform clinical practices in family-centric decision-making cultures where healthcare workers should be aware of the need to build consensus, sometimes without involving the dying person. Future research should include patients' and healthcare professionals' perspectives.

Indexed as

Attitude to DeathBereavementCaregiversEmotionsFamilyPalliative CareTerminal CareAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchTaiwanbereavementcaregivingDeath preparationdecision makingend-of-life carefamily involvementregretTaiwan

Identifiers

PMID39927610
PMCPMC11877984

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.