ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
Hybrid Electro-optical Stimulation Improves Ischemic Brain Damage by Augmenting the Glymphatic System.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical and preclinical evidence of meningeal immunity and glymphatic pathways in stroke: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- HD-tDCS Restores Perivascular AQP4 Polarization via PPARγ Modulation to Enhance Glymphatic Clearance After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Amelioration of Post-Stroke Edema and Microcirculatory Dysfunction via Targeted AQP4 Inhibition While Preserving the Glymphatic System.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Application of non-invasive transcranial photobiomodulation in ischemic stroke: Mechanisms and current insights.iScience · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors: mechanistic insights, biomarker advances, and therapeutic opportunities.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- The brain washing system in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- The Therapeutic Potential of Glymphatic System Activity to Reduce the Pathogenic Accumulation of Cytotoxic Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Hybrid Electro-optical Stimulation Improves Ischemic Brain Damage by Augmenting the Glymphatic System.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ischemic brain injury not only results in significant neurological, motor, and cognitive impairment but also contributes to the accumulation of toxic solutes and proinflammatory cytokines in the infarction region, exacerbating ischemic brain damage. The glymphatic system, which is crucial for brain waste clearance and homeostasis, is impaired by ischemic injury, highlighting the importance of developing therapeutic strategies for poststroke complications. Herein, a novel hybrid electro-optical stimulation device is proposed that integrates near-infrared micro-light-emitting diode with transparent microneedles, enabling efficient noninvasive stimulation of the cortical area for ischemic stroke treatment. This study investigates whether this hybrid electro-optical stimulation enhances the glymphatic system function and ameliorates ischemic brain injury in the middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) mice model. The results demonstrate that hybrid stimulation improves the neurological, motor, and cognitive functions and reduces brain atrophy following MCAO/R. Moreover, hybrid stimulation restores impaired glymphatic system function by modulation of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) polarization and alleviates the accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β. Notably, AQP4 inhibition partly reverses the improved functional outcomes of hybrid stimulation. The findings suggest that targeting glymphatic drainage using hybrid electro-optical stimulation is a promising therapeutic approach for treating ischemic brain injury.
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Registered trials
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