Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39926129›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease2025

Worldwide prevalence of heart failure due to congenital heart disease: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Ahmed Kheiwa, Inhae Baek, Ian S Harris, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Dmitry Abramov

Abstract read
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Article in International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Pediatric heart failure: A focus on low-income countries.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ahmed KheiwaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Inhae BaekDepartment of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Ian S HarrisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abdul Mannan Khan MinhasDepartment of Medicine and Section for Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Dmitry AbramovDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: There are limited data on the prevalence of heart failure (HF) due to congenital heart diseases (CHD). Methods: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) dataset was used to analyze the disease burden of HF due to CHD between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardized rates (ASR) (crude prevalence rates for age groups) and total percent change for the overall worldwide burden as well as among subgroups based on age and geographic regions were determined. Results: The global prevalence of HF due to CHD in 1990 and 2021 was 2,494,547 (95 % IU 2,054,729 to 3,030,909) and 3,155,991 (95 % IU 2,578,552 to 3,843,062) individuals respectively, with an increase in ASR from 41.02 (33.79-49.79) to 45.33 (37.15-55.17) per 100,000 individuals during that period. HF due to CHD in 2021 was most common in children aged 2-4, crude rate of 248.44 (195.99-302.57), followed by children <1 years of age, crude rate of 142.75 (116.87-174.26), and children aged 5-14, crude rate of 89.55 (62.35-129.61). During the study period, there was an increase in the prevalence of HF due to CHD among most age groups, other than children <1 year of age who had stable rates and individuals >70 who had no reported prevalence. There were geographic differences in the prevalence and trends of HF due to CHD. Conclusions: There are differences in prevalence and trends of HF due to CHD among age groups and worldwide regions. These results demonstrate the worldwide burden and trends of HF due to CHD.

Indexed as

Congenital heart diseaseGlobal burden of diseaseHeart failure

Identifiers

PMID39926129
PMCPMC11803120

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.