Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39925717›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025

Injectable hydrogel regulates immune infiltration through physical and chemical synergy in the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Zherui Fu, Yiwen Xu, Fangqi Xu, Haoyu Zhou, Na Lin, Ning Zhang, Feng Lin

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zherui FuDepartment of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Yiwen XuDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Fangqi XuDepartment of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Haoyu ZhouDepartment of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Na LinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Ning ZhangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.
Feng LinDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The incidence of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is increasing annually; however, the underlying pathological mechanism remains unclear, which is an obstacle to its effective treatment. The negative effect of immune infiltration on the physiological activity of focal stem cells is one potential mechanism that has attracted attention. It is difficult to simulate the complex regulation of the interaction system between immune cells and stem cells using a single regulation method. In this study, we demonstrated that the immune infiltration of T helper 17 (Th17) cells plays an important role in the progression of SONFH. Based on this finding, we developed an injectable hydrogel system with both physical and chemical synergistic regulatory properties to enhance the activity of stem cells using electrical stimulation. This treatment was designed to prevent the infiltration of Th17 cells by regulating the physiological function of stem cells and blocking the negative effect of Th17 cells on stem cells pharmacologically. Thus, the dual synergistic regulation of immune infiltration at the lesion site of SONFH enhanced the physiological activity and function of the stem cells, thereby improving the therapeutic effect of SONFH. This hydrogel system provides insight for the future development of multifactorial regulatory systems and provides a strategy for the treatment of SONFH.

Indexed as

Immune infiltrationInjectable hydrogelOsteonecrosis of the femoral headSteroid-inducedTh17 cell

Identifiers

PMID39925717
PMCPMC11803313

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.