Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39925363›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medical engineering2024

Feasibility study of high-power electron linac for clinical X-ray ROAD-FLASH therapy system.

Sergey V Kutsaev, Ronald Agustsson, Salime Boucher, Paul Carriere, Nasr Ghoniem, Kenichi Kaneta, Maksim Kravchenko, Alan Li, Adam Moro, Sohun Patel and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medical engineering, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sergey V KutsaevRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Ronald AgustssonRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Salime BoucherRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Paul CarriereRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Nasr GhoniemDigital Materials Solutions, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, United States.
Kenichi KanetaRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Maksim KravchenkoRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Alan LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Adam MoroRadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Sohun PatelDigital Materials Solutions, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, United States.
Ke ShengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Funding

Development of a versatile robotic radiation therapy systemR44CA183390 · NCI · RADIABEAM TECHNOLOGIES, LLC · PI SHENG, KE, YONEMOTO, JAY · 2017 to 2024
$5.8M
Development of an ultra-high dose rate rotational linac for FLASH RadiotherapyR01CA255432 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI AGUSTSSON, RONALD, SHENG, KE · 2021 to 2025
$3.2M
Robust IMPT with automated beam orientation and scanning spot optimizationR01CA230278 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHENG, KE · 2019 to 2023
$1.9M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA230278NCI NIH HHS R01 CA255432NCI NIH HHS R44 CA183390
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This study examines how a practical source of X-ray radiation, capable of delivering unprecedented X-ray of 100 Gy/s at 1 m for X-ray FLASH radiotherapy can be designed. Methods: We proposed the design of a linac, capable of accelerating 18 MeV 8 mA electron beam with further conversion to bremsstrahlung X-rays. The design is based on L-band traveling wave accelerating structures with high power efficiency, operating in a short-burst/long-pulse regime that allows operating power supply in a regime, beyond its specifications. Results: This study demonstrates the feasibility of a high-power linac for a clinical X-ray FLASH therapy system, using detailed analysis and simulations. Despite ~500x higher output than a standard clinical linac, the design utilizes available accelerator components for maximal practicality. Discussion: Recent studies have demonstrated that the FLASH effect that allows to effectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal tissue occurs when large dose rates (≥40 Gy/s) are delivered in less than 1 s. Photons are very attractive since modest energies of several MeV are needed, which can be achieved with compact and cost-efficient accelerators. However, since the efficiency of electron-to-photon conversion is only a few percent, the required beam intensity must be an order of magnitude higher than that state-of-the-art accelerators can provide. The proposed ROAD-FLASH accelerator layout allows achieving both the FLASH dose rate and superior dose conformity, comparing to the similar projects. The current paper focuses on providing a technical roadmap for building an economical and practical linear accelerator for ROAD X-ray FLASH delivery.

Indexed as

electron linacFLASH effectROADultra-high dose rateX-ray radiotherapy

Identifiers

PMID39925363
PMCPMC11805532

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.