ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2025
RBD-displaying OMV nanovaccine boosts immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Inhalable engineered probiotic outer membrane vesicles co-expressing multiple mpox antigens induce potent specific systemic and mucosal immune responses.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Outer membrane vesicles: Versatile nanocarriers for therapeutic delivery and immune modulation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles as multifaceted regulators of human diseases and emerging therapeutic platforms.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Tiny packages, big potential: bacterial membrane vesicles in vaccinology.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Engineered Low-Endotoxin Bacterial Biomimetic Vesicles for Enhanced Oral Dual-Antigen Subunit Vaccine Delivery.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Engineered Outer Membrane Vesicles for Antigen Delivery: Exploratory Study on Adjuvant Activity and Systemic Reactogenicity.Vaccines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, the global health landscape has confronted an unprecedented and formidable challenge. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a key antigen in vaccine design. However, its low immunogenicity has been a hurdle, resulting in the production of minimal anti-RBD antibodies even when combined with alum adjuvant. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, are nanospherical structures that can display or deliver antigens while also providing adjuvant activity through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
resultsIn this study, we utilized the SpyTag (ST)/SpyCatcher (SC) bioconjugation system to couple OMV and SARS-CoV-2 RBD in vitro. We successfully prepared a 'plug-and-display' nanovaccine OMV-RBD, which demonstrated good safety profiles and promoted the uptake of antigens by DCs and the maturation of BMDCs by activating TLR3 and NOD2 signaling pathways. Both intranasal and intramuscular immunization with OMV-RBD vaccine elicited robust antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Importantly, the induced antibodies effectively inhibited the binding of RBD to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) and neutralized SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses.
conclusionsThis vaccine platform offers an alternative strategy for developing recombinant subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, potentially enhancing immune responses and improving vaccine efficacy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.