Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39922593›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2025

Physiotherapists' perspectives on the implementation of direct access to physiotherapy services in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Osama Mohammed, Hosam Alzahrani, Elaf Marouf, Razaz Shaheen

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Osama MohammedDepartment of Physical Therapy, Armed Forces Hospitals, Taif, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-4352-5243
Hosam AlzahraniDepartment of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-115X
Elaf MaroufEradah & Mental Health Complex - Eradah Services, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9791-9923
Razaz ShaheenDepartment of Public Health & Preventive Care, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA razazshaheen.health@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-8383

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study investigates Saudi Arabian physiotherapists' perspectives on direct access to physiotherapy (DAPT) services, focusing on perceived benefits, barriers and implementation in clinical practice.

methodsA cross-sectional observational study design was used. Data collection occurred between December 2022 and June 2023 via an online structured questionnaire distributed through email and text messages. The DAPT section comprised items on awareness, endorsement, obstacles/barriers to implementation in Saudi Arabia, perceived benefits and expected benefits of various resources to guide evidence-based practice for physiotherapists. This section featured closed-ended questions using a 5-point Likert scale. The study included licensed physiotherapists currently working in Saudi Arabia.

resultsThe study included 401 participants, with a nearly equal distribution of 203 males (50.6%) and 198 females (49.4%). The most common age group was 25-34 years, comprising 70.6% of the participants. A significant proportion (61.6%) were aware of DAPT, and 88% acknowledged its potential to reduce delays in care. However, 49.9% had not engaged with relevant literature. The primary barriers to DAPT identified were laws and regulations (mean=3.69, SD=1.21), physician support (mean=3.59, SD=0.99), entry-level education (mean=3.45, SD=1.17), patient beliefs (mean=3.38, SD=1.24), self-confidence (mean=3.35, SD=1.15) and professional autonomy (mean=3.34, SD=1.22).

conclusionPhysiotherapists in Saudi Arabia demonstrate substantial awareness of direct access. Organisational initiatives and increased awareness are essential to promote direct access. This study highlights that direct patient access to physiotherapists offers significant benefits to patients, healthcare workers and the broader community.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelHealth Services AccessibilityPhysical TherapistsPhysical Therapy ModalitiesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSaudi ArabiaSurveys and QuestionnairesPatient Care ManagementPatient ParticipationPhysical Therapy Modalities

Identifiers

PMID39922593
PMCPMC11808883

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.