ArticleKidney international2025
Pathological findings of immunotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity in a humanized immune system mouse model.
Article in Kidney international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of tumor immunotherapy on kidney injury and multi-organ outcomes: a mechanistic and clinical perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Report from the 34th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) Consensus Conference.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Nephrotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Mice with a Human Immune System.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The nephrotoxic effects of anti-cancer therapies: consensus report of the 34th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Risk stratification for immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after acute kidney injury: towards a precision medicine framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps and metabolic reprogramming in renal cell carcinoma: implications for tumor progression and immune-based therapeutics.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Application of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer.MedComm · 2025Review
- Case Report: Dual checkpoint inhibition with bevacizumab yields dramatic response in synchronous double primary HCC and ICC with lung metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, they can elicit organ-related immune-related adverse events (irAEs) such as kidney injury. Here, our study evaluated the ability of a humanized immune system (HIS) tumor-bearing mouse model to investigate ICI-mediated kidney injury. Non-humanized (BRGS) and humanized (HIS-BRGS) mice were implanted with human breast cancer cells and treated with either nivolumab (anti-PD-1) or a combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) for four weeks. Histopathological analysis revealed that HIS-BRGS mice treated with ICIs exhibited significant interstitial nephritis and vasculitis/periarteritis, consistent with kidney phenotypes observed in patients. Combination therapy resulted in more extensive kidney pathology than nivolumab alone and exhibited an accumulation of T helper cells in the affected areas. Importantly, our results suggest that HIS-BRGS mice can effectively recapitulate features of ICI-induced kidney injury observed in patients and can be used to study mechanisms and prevention strategies to limit irAEs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.